[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.uvenio.cz\/uskali-hlinikovych-vodicu\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.uvenio.cz\/uskali-hlinikovych-vodicu\/","headline":"\u00daskal\u00ed hlin\u00edkov\u00fdch vodi\u010d\u016f","name":"\u00daskal\u00ed hlin\u00edkov\u00fdch vodi\u010d\u016f","description":"O elekt\u0159in\u011b v\u00a0hlin\u00edku n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed odborn\u00edci tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee jde o \u010dasovanou bombu. Pro\u010d pr\u00e1v\u011b hlin\u00edk je t\u00edm nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdm prvkem a jak je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee v\u00a0\u010deskoslovensk\u00fdch dom\u00e1cnostech slou\u017eil d\u00e9le, ne\u017e p\u016fl stolet\u00ed? V\u00a0\u010dem tkv\u00ed probl\u00e9m Hlin\u00edk m\u00e1 s\u00e1m o sob\u011b ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed mechanickou pevnost ne\u017e m\u011b\u010f, to v\u0161ak v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b elektrick\u00fdch vodi\u010d\u016f nehraje p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 velkou roli. Z\u00e1sadn\u00ed jsou dv\u011b […]","datePublished":"2025-05-13","dateModified":"2025-05-13","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.uvenio.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.uvenio.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/11f8c6ff4d174e1ebef1d6401491d0892ff6534e7a3312fbf752a8f90a4375cd?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/11f8c6ff4d174e1ebef1d6401491d0892ff6534e7a3312fbf752a8f90a4375cd?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"uvenio.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.uvenio.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a330371_w2719_t1542902920.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.uvenio.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a330371_w2719_t1542902920.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.uvenio.cz\/uskali-hlinikovych-vodicu\/","wordCount":484,"articleBody":"O elekt\u0159in\u011b v\u00a0hlin\u00edku n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed odborn\u00edci tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee jde o \u010dasovanou bombu. Pro\u010d pr\u00e1v\u011b hlin\u00edk je t\u00edm nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdm prvkem a jak je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee v\u00a0\u010deskoslovensk\u00fdch dom\u00e1cnostech slou\u017eil d\u00e9le, ne\u017e p\u016fl stolet\u00ed?\tV\u00a0\u010dem tkv\u00ed probl\u00e9mHlin\u00edk m\u00e1 s\u00e1m o sob\u011b ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed mechanickou pevnost ne\u017e m\u011b\u010f, to v\u0161ak v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b elektrick\u00fdch vodi\u010d\u016f nehraje p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 velkou roli. Z\u00e1sadn\u00ed jsou dv\u011b v\u011bci, kv\u016fli kter\u00fdm jsou hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 rozvody na n\u011bkter\u00fdch m\u00edstech problematick\u00e9.Pracovn\u00ed a ochrann\u00fd nul\u00e1k \u2013 ve\u0161ker\u00e9 rozvody v\u00a0hlin\u00edku se za socialismu prov\u00e1d\u011bly pouze dvou\u017eilov\u00fdmi kabely. T\u00edm p\u00e1dem byl pracovn\u00ed a ochrann\u00fd nul\u00e1k sdru\u017een do jednoho vodi\u010de. To v\u0161ak ji\u017e v\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b neodpov\u00edd\u00e1 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edm norm\u00e1m. Ty toti\u017e dbaj\u00ed na to, aby nemohlo doj\u00edt k\u00a0\u00farazu elektrick\u00fdm proudem v\u00a0okam\u017eiku poru\u0161en\u00ed izolace mezi f\u00e1z\u00ed a kovovou kostrou spot\u0159ebi\u010de a z\u00e1rove\u0148 p\u0159i p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00ed nul\u00e1ku. Takov\u00fd \u00faraz by hrozil poka\u017ed\u00e9 p\u0159i dotyku p\u0159\u00edstroje holou k\u016f\u017e\u00ed, a i kdy\u017e je n\u011bco takov\u00e9ho m\u00e1lo pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, nelze tuto situaci \u00fapln\u011b vylou\u010dit.V\u00a0praxi lze v\u011bt\u0161inou tolerovat hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 veden\u00ed u sv\u011bteln\u00fdch okruh\u016f, kde nedoch\u00e1z\u00ed ke kontaktu se sv\u00edtidlem, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b u t\u011bch stropn\u00edch. V\u00a0ka\u017ed\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b se doporu\u010duje prov\u00e9st rozvody v\u00a0m\u011bdi v\u00a0koupeln\u011b a v\u00a0kuchyni.P\u0159echodov\u00fd odpor \u2013 krom\u011b dvou\u017eilov\u00e9ho veden\u00ed nejsou hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 kabely \u0161patn\u00fdm \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm, ve sv\u00e9 dob\u011b byly dosta\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed a k \u00faraz\u016fm elektrick\u00fdm proudem v\u00a0dom\u00e1cnostech doch\u00e1zelo z\u0159\u00eddka. Problematick\u00fd je v\u0161ak p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm tzv. p\u0159echodov\u00fd odpor mezi vodi\u010dem a \u0161roubem ve svorkovnici. Tepelnou dilatac\u00ed, tedy rozta\u017een\u00edm hlin\u00edku pr\u016fchodem proudu a jeho n\u00e1sledn\u00fdm ochlazen\u00edm se \u0161roubov\u00fd spoj povoluje. Doch\u00e1z\u00ed k\u00a0tomu tehdy, je-li vodi\u010d p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 zdeformov\u00e1n \u0161roubem, jeho rozta\u017een\u00ed je nerovnom\u011brn\u00e9, zat\u00edmco ochlazov\u00e1n\u00ed (po vypnut\u00ed proudu) ji\u017e rovnom\u011brn\u00e9 je. Pr\u00e1v\u011b nerovnom\u011brn\u00e9 zah\u0159\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed a ochlazov\u00e1n\u00ed zp\u016fsobuje povolen\u00ed kontaktu, \u010d\u00edm\u017e vznik\u00e1 p\u0159echodov\u00fd odpor, a ten cel\u00fd spoj je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce zah\u0159\u00edv\u00e1. Odpor se nav\u00edc zv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed postupnou oxidac\u00ed konce hlin\u00edku, kdy se jeho povrch pokryje tenkou nevodivou vrstvou oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho Al2O3.Z\u00a0tohoto d\u016fvodu bylo ji\u017e p\u0159ed p\u016fl stolet\u00edm vyd\u00e1no doporu\u010den\u00ed pravideln\u011b dotahovat \u0161roubov\u00e9 spoje ve v\u0161ech svorkovnic\u00edch, z\u00e1suvk\u00e1ch a vyp\u00edna\u010d\u00edch kv\u016fli omezen\u00ed rizika vzniku po\u017e\u00e1ru, ale to byla pouh\u00e1 teorie a prakticky to t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nikdo neprov\u00e1d\u011bl.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                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